Fungi : The Hidden Kingdom of Life

Fungi, a fascinating form of life, were only recognized as a distinct kingdom a few decades ago—our ancestors had no way to uncover the mysteries of the fungal world.

For a long time, life was divided into three main categories: plants, animals, and humans. Since Darwin, humans have been considered animals, leaving fungi in an uncertain place.

Fungi: Closer to Us Than to Plants

Unlike plants, fungi do not perform photosynthesis. They must consume other organic molecules to grow, which makes them closer to animals than to plants. In fact, fungi form an independent kingdom of life, one that appeared even before plants.

Astonishing Diversity

Fungi are not limited to mushrooms like button mushrooms or porcini on our plates. It’s estimated that there are between 2.2 and 3.8 million species of fungi in the world. Yet, only about 120,000 to 150,000 species have been described by scientists.

An Interdependent Ecosystem

The forest would not be the same without fungi. Plants use carbon dioxide exhaled by fungi, humans, and animals, and through photosynthesis, they release oxygen—something fungi also need. Thus, trees, plants, and fungi are bound by a unique interdependence.

Mycorrhiza: An Essential Symbiotic Relationship

Mycorrhiza is the alliance between plant roots and fungi. Fungi supply nutrients and water, while plants provide sugars produced through photosynthesis.

Conclusion
Fungi play a crucial role in our ecosystems. Neither plants nor animals, they hold a unique place in the web of life—vital to forest health and to our own survival.